Unit 1

 Sky One:  types of channels on sky one: entertain, educational - comedy, family cartoons (simpsons, modern family, motorway patrol. target audience A,B,C1 - adults BBC 2 and Channel 4: types of channels:  

PAMCo - print/ magazine readership RAJAR - radio listenership figures BARB - TV viewing figure Audience data  Gender Age A,B,C1,C2,D,E Social grade  Geodemographics Ethnicity Psychographics Sexuality 

Conglomerate - large organization that own subsidiaries e.g Disney. Subsidiary - companies which are owned by a conglomerate company. An independent company which isn't owned by a conglomerate company. E.g Warp films produced four lions. Independent companies work with larger companies or more established companies to get their product distribution. An example of this is when hattrick production who made the sitcom demigirls worked as part of a joint venture with channel 4 to get it distribution across tv. When companies work as part of a joint venture it is because it is mutually beneficial for both companies. Synergy is when a company selects the most effective form of marketing to maximize success. e.g. Avengers 

 Media sectors: main areas where the media operates within. - magazines - newspapers - tv - games - film - web based/social media - radio and music Conglomerate - large organization that own subsidiaries e.g Disney.  Independent - is free from conglomerate ownership e.g Warp films.  vertical integration - when a company controls production, distribution, exchange  horizontal integration - when a company can promote across different media subsidiaries synergy - when you choose the most effective method of marketing, using your subsidiaries to maximize success of a brand. comercial company - objective is making profit public service company - funded by public money e.g tv license fee (BBC) Hypodermic syringe - mass audience believe everything they see and hear  (adorno + Horkheimer, 1947) Hidden persuaders - how advertising controls people (Vance Packard, 1957)

Genre: conventions and how genres are used by media institutions Narrative: how stories are structured Representations: mediation (re-presentation) of age, sexuality, gender, class, ethnicity, regional identify and understanding of stereotypes  Genre theory: Steve Neale - Repetition and difference Rick Altman - Generic Pleasures  - emotional pleasure - intellectual pleasure  - visceral pleasure Jason Mattel - Industry uses genre commercially David Buckingham- genres are in a constant process of negotiation and change. Narrative theory:  Claude-Levi Strauss - binary opposition Pam Cook - cause and effect Tzventan todorov - conventional structure  1. The narrative starts with a equilibrium  2. An action or character disrupts the equilibrium  3. A quest to restore the equilibrium begins 4. The narrative continues  5. Resolution occurs and equilibrium is restored.  Roland Barthes - narrative codes Representation theory: Laura mullet - male gaze M...

sound: - diegetic (coming from the story world) / non-diegetic (Not coming form the story world, only the audience can hear it) - internal diegetic (A characters thoughts) - synchronous (hear and see the thing marketing the sound)/asynchronous (You can hear the sound but not where the sound is coming from) - contrapuntal (the sound/music contradicts the image) - voice over/narration - sound perspective  In most film 90-100% of all sound and dialogue is added in post production. Silent films had a musical accompaniment.  Sound is built in layers. Enhanced sounds and dialogue are sync sounds. Wild sound - offscreen sound, birds chirping  Dialogue is the most important sound as it tells a story. Exposition is dialogue which tells an audience Foley effects - sound effects created in the studio by foley artists. Making sound with natural materials.  Sound bridges are continuity editing technique that re used to hide editing. Helps scenes carry over into other scenes and l...

 Split screen - shows to places at once Intellectual montage - series of images when puts together creates meaning  Flashback - memory/something which has happened in the past  Flash forward - something which will happen in the future Graphic match - similar images which match Dissolve transition - one image fades into another Wipe transition - wipes off the screen. One side to the other Fade transition - fades to black or white. Conntotes the next scene